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ITALY
TORINO 10124 – Via Guastalla , n. 5
Phone : + 39 011 5694505
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E-mail : maurizio.merlomm@libero.it
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Turin, Italy (Italian: Torino, pronounced [to
ˈriːno]; Piedmontese: Turin, pronounced
[tyˈɾiŋ]; Latin: Augusta Taurinorum) is a city and an important
business and cultural centre in northern Italy, capital of
the Piedmont region, located mainly on the left bank of the
Po River, in front of Susa Valley and surrounded by the
western Alpine arch.
The population of the city proper is 911,823 (December 2012)
while the population of the urban area
is estimated by Eurostat to be 1.7 million inhabitants.
The Turin metropolitan area is estimated by the OECD to have
a population of 2.2 million.
The city has a rich culture and history, and is known for its
numerous art galleries, restaurants, churches, palaces, opera
houses, piazzas, parks, gardens, theatres, libraries, museums
and other venues. Turin is well known
for its baroque, rococo, neo-classical, and Art
Nouveau architecture.
Much of the city’s public squares, castles, gardens and
elegant palazzi such as Palazzo Madama, were built in the
16th and 18th century, after the capital of the
Duchy of Savoy (later Kingdom of Sardinia) was moved to
Turin from Chambery (nowadays France) as part of the urban
expansion.
Turin is sometimes called the “cradle of Italian liberty”, for
having been the birthplace and home of notable politicians and
people who contributed to the Risorgimento,
such as Cavour. The city currently hosts some of Italy’s best
universities, colleges, academies, lycea and gymnasia, such
as the six-century-old University of Turin and
the Turin Polytechnic. Prestigious and important museums,
such as the Museo Egizio and the Mole Antonelliana are also
found in the city. Turin’s several monuments and sights make it
one of the world’s top 250 tourist destinations, and the tenth
most visited city in Italy in 2008.
The city used to be a major European political centre, being
Italy’s first capital city in
1861 and being home to the House of Savoy, Italy’s royal
family. Even though much
of its political significance and importance had been lost
by World War II, it became a
major European crossroad for industry, commerce and
trade,and currently is one of
Italy’s main industrial centres, being part of the famous
“industrial triangle“, along with Milan and Genoa.
Turin is ranked third in Italy, after Milan and Rome,
for economic strength.
With a GDP of $58 billion, Turin is the world’s 78th richest city
by purchasing power, and as of 2010 has been ranked
by GaWC as a Gamma- world city.
Turin is also home to much of the Italian automotive industry.
Turin is well known as the home of the Shroud of Turin, th
e football teams Juventus
F.C. and Torino F.C., the headquarters of automobile
manufacturers FIAT, Lancia and Alfa Romeo, Iveco and as
host of the 2006 Winter
Olympics. Several International Space Station modules, such
as Harmony and Columbus, were also manufactured in Turin.
It was the capital of
the Duchy of Savoy from 1563, then of the Kingdom of
Sardinia ruled by the Royal
House of Savoy and finally the first capital of the unified Italy.
It is often referred to as “the Capital of the Alps”. Turin is also
known as “the
Automobile Capital of Italy” or the Detroit of Italy as it is home
of FIAT; in Italy it is also called “[La] capitale Sabauda”.